This article is a list of diseases of bananas and plantains (Musa spp.).
| Fungal diseases | |
|---|---|
| Cladosporium speckle | Cladosporium musae |
| Corm dry rot | Junghuhnia vincta |
| Cordana leaf spot | Cordana johnstonii Cordana musae |
| Crown rot | Fusarium pallidoroseum Colletotrichum musae Verticillium theobromae Fusarium spp. Acremonium spp. |
What disease affects plantain?
Fusarium wilt of bananas, commonly known as Panama disease, is a destructive soil borne fungus that poses a threat to the production of all banana and plantain crops.
What are the common diseases of banana?
Diseases
- Anthracnose.
- Rhizome soft rot.
- Banana leaf rust.
- Leaf speckle.
- Crown rot.
- Fruit speckle.
- Yellow Sigatoka.
- Burrowing nematode.
Which disease is caused by bacteria in banana?
Table 1
| Common name | Distribution and hosts | Traditional taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Xanthomonas bacterial wilt of banana and enset (enset wilt, banana bacterial wilt) | Ethiopia, Uganda, DR Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania, Kenya (enset and all cultivated banana types). | Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum (Xcm) |
What are the fungal disease in banana?
Panama disease, also called banana wilt, a devastating disease of bananas caused by the soil-inhabiting fungus species Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis cubense. A form of fusarium wilt, Panama disease is widespread throughout the tropics and can be found wherever susceptible banana cultivars are grown.
What causes plantains to split?
The reason the fruit is cracking is likely due to high relative humidity of over 90% combined with temperatures over 70 F. (21 C.). This is especially true if bananas are left on the plant until ripe.
What is sigatoka disease?
Black Sigatoka is a leaf spot disease of banana. It is an important banana disease in many countries around the world. Severely infected leaves can die, significantly reducing fruit yield, and causing mixed and premature ripening of fruit bunches. It is not present on mainland Australia.
What are 5 diseases caused by bacteria in plants?
bacterial
- aster yellows.
- bacterial wilt.
- blight. fire blight. rice bacterial blight.
- canker.
- crown gall.
- rot. basal rot.
- scab.
Which fungicide is best for banana?
Chlorotalonil. Chlorotalonil is a broad spectrum contact fungicide used in banana plantations to control BLSD. It can only be mixed with water as it becomes toxic to the plant when mixed with oil1 . It’s unlikely to present acute hazard in normal use.
How do you control banana disease?
Foliar spray of Copper Oxychloride (3 g/litre of water) or Thiophanate Methyl 1 g/ litres of water) control the disease effectively. (Gloeosporium musae): The disease attacks banana plants at all stages of growth. Disease attacks the flowers, skin and distal ends of banana heads.
Is banana fungus harmful to humans?
Mokillo, moko, and blood disease bacterium are bacterial diseases that can also cause red discoloration in bananas. While unappealing to eat, these diseases affecting bananas are not a threat to human health, however when in doubt, throw it out or compost them.
Which of the following disease in banana is caused by virus?
Banana bunchy top is caused by banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), a plant virus transmitted by a small black insect called the banana aphid (Pentalonia nigronervosa).
What causes yellowing of banana leaves?
Banana tree leaves that are turning yellow and dying indicate that the tree is not getting the nutrients it needs. Inadequate fertilization, poor-draining soil, overwatering and fungal infection are some of the common reasons a banana tree (Musa spp.) might lack nutrients.
What does banana disease look like?
yellowing of lower or older leaves, caused by the fungus blocking the water conducting tissue within the banana plant stem. lower leaves collapsing to form a ‘skirt’ around the plant. cut open, the stem is discoloured from yellow to red, through to dark brown or black, depending on how long the plant has been infected.
How do you control the Fusarium in a banana?
Managing Fusarium Wilt in Bananas
Clean up growing areas thoroughly at the end of the season and remove all debris; otherwise, the pathogen will overwinter in leaves and other plant matter. The most important means of control is to replace diseased plants with non-resistant cultivars.
How do you control Fusarium with chemicals?
Chemical Control
Prothioconazole is the only commercially available fungicide with proven efficacy. Azoxystrobin, prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl led to the highest values for reduction of Fusarium wilt and did not cause phytotoxicity in watermelons.
How many times does plantain produce in a year?
Each grown up plant would produce a minimum of three suckers, and if he could harvest one sucker from each and could sell at N100, the farmer would make additional N150,000. The harvest cycles continue for a minimum of four to six years, or more, depending on land rejuvenation system and farm maintenance practices.
How do you take care of a plantain tree?
Plantain trees will require constantly moist, but not waterlogged, soil. As a result, these trees will require a fairly large amount of water during the warmest months of the year. Try to water the soil whenever the top layer begins to dry out.
How long does a plantain tree live?
However, a plantation can grow for 25 years or more if managed properly. The trees can reach heights between 2 and 9 m (6.6–29.5 ft).
How do you control Sigatoka?
Management mainly involves chemical control using fungicides like copper oxychloride, mancozeb, chlorothalonil or carbendazim at the prescribed dosage. Fungicide spraying on the foliage and pseudostem should be commenced with the initial appearance and repeated at two weeks’ interval.
How do you control Yellow Sigatoka?
In regions where the pathogen is present, the inoculum can be maintained at a low level using cultural practices such as drainage, weeding, proper fertilization, planting density and deleafing to reduce inoculum. Sigatoka leaf spot can be effectively controlled by combining deleafing and chemical treatment.