Blueberry muffin rash is a distinctive rash in babies that presents as blue, purple, or dark spots on the face and body. It can occur as a result of rubella or certain other health conditions. Rubella, also called German measles, is an airborne disease that can cause a cough, fever, and rash.
What is muffin disease?
‘Blueberry muffin syndrome’ is the descriptive term used for an infant born with multiple blue/purple marks or nodules in the skin. These are due to the presence of clusters of blood-producing cells in the skin (extramedullary erythropoiesis), or bleeding into the skin (purpura), or spreading cancer (metastases).
Does CMV cause blueberry muffin?
Blueberry muffin rashes occur in various diseases including TORCH syndrome, transfusion reactions, leukemia, hereditary spherocytosis and neonatal sepsis. We report a case of congenital CMV(cytomegalovirus) infection showing blueberry muffin skin lesions which revealed dermal erythropoiesis.
What are the 3 torch infections that cause a blueberry rash?
Other TORCH infections that can cause this rash include cytomegalovirus, herpes virus, and toxoplasma. Blood disorders, such as hereditary spherocytosis and hemolytic disease of the newborn, that increase extramedullary hemotopoeisis can also cause a blueberry muffin baby.
What is the triad of congenital rubella syndrome?
The classic triad of clinical manifestations associated with CRS among surviving neonates are hearing impairment, congenital heart defects – in particular, branch pulmonary artery stenosis and patent ductus arteriosus – and eye anomalies such as cataract(s), pigmentary retinopathy (salt and pepper type),
What causes blue baby syndrome?
Blue Baby Syndrome 101
Infants under 12 months of age that eat foods high in nitrate or drink water with nitrate in it are more likely to have methemoglobinemia. Methemoglobinemia can be also caused by certain medications (e.g., benzocaine, dapsone) and chemicals (e.g., aniline, naphthalene).
What causes dermal erythropoiesis?
Dermal erythropoiesis is associated with intrauterine infection or hematologic disorders with chronic and severe anemia. The intrauterine infectious agents include cytomegalovirus, coxsackie virus B2, rubella, or parvovirus B19.
What happens if TORCH test is positive?
The results are termed either “positive” or “negative.” A positive test result means IgG or IgM antibodies were found for one or more of the infections covered in the screening. This can mean that you currently have, have had in the past, or have been previously vaccinated against the disease.
What is the treatment for TORCH infections?
Treatment for TORCH infections depends on the disease, when the infection occurred and the severity of symptoms. It may include antibiotics, antiparasitics or antiviral medications. Some TORCH infections are viruses and don’t have treatment other than rest and hydration.
How do you prevent TORCH infection?
Prevention: Some of the vertically transmitted infections, such as toxoplasmosis and syphilis, can be effectively treated with antibiotics if the mother is diagnosed early in her pregnancy. Rubella and varicella-zoster can be prevented by vaccinating the mother prior to pregnancy.
What is the most common congenital defect of congenital rubella syndrome?
[1–3] Common congenital defects of CRS include cataracts, congenital heart disease, hearing impairment, and developmental delay. Infants with CRS often present with more than one of these signs but may also present with a single defect, most commonly hearing impairment.
What are the symptoms of congenital syphilis?
Checklist
- Face: Rhinitis (snuffles) with mucopurulent nasal discharge.
- Skin: Jaundice, rash and desquamation.
- Abdomen: Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen)
- Eye: Chorioretinitis and pigmentary chorioretinopathy (salt and pepper type), glaucoma, cataracts, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis.
What birth defects does rubella cause?
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is a condition that occurs in a developing baby in the womb whose mother is infected with the rubella virus.
The most common birth defects from CRS can include:
- Deafness.
- Cataracts.
- Heart defects.
- Intellectual disabilities.
- Liver and spleen damage.
- Low birth weight.
- Skin rash at birth.
What is a GREY baby?
Gray baby syndrome is an adverse reaction to chloramphenicol that is characterized by abdominal distention, hemodynamic collapse, and ashen-gray skin discoloration in neonates.
Do blue babies survive?
Most children with blue baby syndrome go on to live a normal and healthy life without lasting health complications.
What blood type causes blue baby syndrome?
Rhesus disease is caused by a specific mix of blood types between a pregnant mother and her unborn baby. It can only occur where all of the following happen, where the: mother has a rhesus negative (RhD negative) blood type. baby has a rhesus positive (RhD positive) blood type.
What is dermal extramedullary hematopoiesis?
Adult Cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis is a rare cutaneous manifestation of myelofibrosis, where hematopoiesis occurs in the skin rather than the bone marrow, causing polymorphic skin lesions.
What is extra medullary hemopoiesis?
Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is the formation and activation of blood cells outside the bone marrow (BM), as a response to hematopoietic stress caused by microbial infections and certain diseases, such as myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), lymphomas, and leukemias, when the proper functioning of the marrow is
How do you get cytomegalovirus?
CMV is spread from an infected person in the following ways:
- From direct contact with saliva or urine, especially from babies and young children.
- Through sexual contact.
- From breast milk to nursing infants.
- Through transplanted organs and blood transfusions.
What are the symptoms of torch infection?
Early signs in the fetus or newborn may include fever, development of a small head (i.e., microcephaly), low birth weight, lethargy or sleepiness, cataracts, hearing loss, and congenital heart disease. Additionally, some newborns may present with hepatosplenomegaly, or the enlargement of the liver and spleen.
What causes torch infection?
The term TORCH complex or TORCHes infection includes toxoplasmosis, others (syphilis, hepatitis B), rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex. These are caused by toxoplasma gondii, treponema pallidum, hepatitis B virus, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus (HSV), respectively.