Human Effigy Pipe 100 B.C.–A.D. This pipe, used to smoke tobacco, is also a carving, perhaps of a mythical hero or honored ancestor. He is dressed in ceremonial regalia, including a feather bustle at the back—the same form found on male powwow dancers today.
What is a effigy pipe?
This artifact is called an effigy platform pipe. The word effigy means “in the shape of.” This particular pipe is in the shape of a bird and is made of pipestone! There are many different types of “pipestone” that the ancient artists in the Scioto River Valley used to make these magnificent pipes.
What does the Adena Pipe represent?
The Adena pipe, Ohio’s state artifact, is the oldest three-dimensional representation of the human form in eastern North America. It was sculpted around A.D. 40 by an American Indian artisan belonging to the Adena culture. William C.
Who made effigy pipes?
Over 100 unique animal effigy pipes were expertly crafted by artisans of the ancient American Indian Hopewell culture 2,000 years ago.
Where is the Adena Pipe?
The Adena Pipe, the State Artifact of Ohio, is an American Indian effigy pipe which was excavated from the Adena Mound in 1901. The Adena Mound is located about one and a half miles northwest of Chillicothe, Ohio, in Ross County.
What were effigy pipes used for?
Sacred tobacco was a feature of all historical Plains ceremonies, and smoking was equated with prayer. This pipe, used to smoke tobacco, is also a carving, perhaps of a mythical hero or honored ancestor.
What is Ohio Pipestone?
Pipestone, which is also called fireclay, came mostly from quarries in the hills along the Scioto River north of Portsmouth, Ohio. When freshly quarried, pipestone is easy to carve and polish. However, it hardens as it is exposed to the air and to heat.
What is an Adena Arrowhead?
This is a medium to large (1.36 to 6 inches) triangular stemmed point with a thin elliptical cross section. The blade is elongated with an excurvate blade. The shoulders edge being straight to rounded or at an upward angle.
What is an artifact of Ohio?
The artifact known as the Adena pipe, which is a prehistoric effigy pipe that was discovered in 1901 by William C. Mills within a burial mound near Chillicothe and that was created by the ancient Adena culture from native Ohio pipestone, is adopted as the official state artifact.
What is the Adena pipe made of?
American Indian Research Resources
The Adena Pipe is made from Sciotoville clay, a kind of flint clay, which formed in Ohio’s tropical forests 320 million years ago! The flint clay was quarried from along the Scioto River near Portsmouth about 2,000 years ago.
What are Indian pipes made of?
[1] It is made from catlinite pipestone, wood, mallard feathers, porcupine quills, horse hair, ribbon, wool cloth, and sinew. Unlike the two pipes at HSMC, authentic Native American pipes like this one are made from thick, strong wood. Authentic pipes are often decorated with feathers, string, beads, or carvings.
What is a Gary Arrowhead?
General Description: The Gary point is a medium sized, triangular bladed point / knife type with indistinct , squared shoulders, and a medium to long, contracting, pointed to rounded stem base. The blade edges are straight to excurvate but sometimes concave or recurvate.
What is a Clovis point Arrowhead?
Clovis points are thin, fluted projectile points created using bifacial percussion flaking (that is, each face is flaked on both edges alternatively with a percussor). To finish shaping and sharpening the points, they are sometimes pressure flaked along the outer edges.
What is a Snyders Arrowhead?
This is a broad medium to large (typically 2.5 to 3 inches) corner notch point with a triangular to ovate appearance. This is generally a thin point with a flattened cross section, but some examples may have an elliptical cross section. The shoulders are barbed with a short expanding stem. The base is convex.
How old are arrowheads in Ohio?
Ohio’s earliest inhabitants left behind traces of their existence all along the beautiful river. Archaeological digs at Beaver Creek State Park have uncovered arrowheads, pottery and knives dating back to the Clovis culture – some 10,000 years ago.
What Native Americans were in Ohio?
From these missionaries, historians know that six major groups settled in Ohio and its neighboring states: the Shawnee (in southern Ohio), Seneca-Cayuga (in central and northwest Ohio), Lenape (in eastern Ohio), Wyandot (in northern Ohio), Ottawa (in northwest Ohio), and Myaamia (in western Ohio).
What part of Ohio did prehistoric Indians live in?
During the Late Prehistoric Period, several distinctive cultures arose in different parts of Ohio: the Fort Ancient culture in central and southern Ohio, Sandusky culture in northwestern Ohio, Whittlesey culture in northeastern Ohio, and the Monongahela culture in eastern Ohio.
How did mound builders create mounds?
Soil, clay, or stones were carried in baskets on the backs of laborers to the top or flanks of the mound and then dumped. Hundreds of thousands of man-hours of work were required to build each of the larger mounds. It is likely that the shells in shell mounds were thrown there after large community feasts.
What were the Adena known for?
The Adena were notable for their agricultural practices, pottery, artistic works, and extensive trading network, which supplied them with a variety of raw materials, ranging from copper from the Great Lakes to shells from the Gulf Coast.
Where did the Adena come from?
Adena culture, culture of various communities of ancient North American Indians, about 500 bc–ad 100, centred in what is now southern Ohio. Groups in Indiana, Kentucky, West Virginia, and possibly Pennsylvania bear similarities and are roughly grouped with the Adena culture.
Is Indian pipe plant hallucinogen?
The Indian pipe mushroom is a small, white fungus that is found in North America. This mushroom has been used by Native Americans for centuries as a hallucinogen. The active ingredient in the Indian pipe mushroom is psilocybin, which is a psychedelic compound.