Q #15) What is the purpose of Examples keyword in Cucumber? Ans: Examples keyword is used to specify values for each parameter used in the scenario. Scenario Outline keyword must always be followed by the keyword Examples.
What is the purpose of scenario outline in Cucumber?
The Scenario Outline keyword can be used to run the same Scenario multiple times, with different combinations of values.
What is the purpose of Cucumberoptions tag?
Cucumber Options tag is used to provide a link between the feature files and step definition files. Each step of the feature file is mapped to a corresponding method on the step definition file.
What are the keywords in Cucumber?
Here is the list of keywords that Gherkin supports:
- Feature.
- Rule.
- Background.
- Scenario.
- Scenario Outline.
- Given.
- When.
- Then.
How do you use scenario outline with examples?
Scenario outline basically replaces variable/keywords with the value from the table. Each row in the table is considered to be a scenario. Let’s continue with the same example of Facebook login feature. So far we have been executing one scenario: Upon providing the correct user name, login is successful.
What is example in Cucumber?
In Cucumber, an example is called a scenario. Scenarios are defined in . feature files, which are stored in the src/test/resources/hellocucumber directory (or a subdirectory). One concrete example would be that Sunday isn’t Friday.
What is difference between scenario and scenario outline?
Scenario outline is exactly similar to the scenario structure, but the only difference is the provision of multiple inputs. In order to use scenario outlines, we do not need any smart idea, we just need to copy the same steps and re-execute the code.
What is the glue in BDD Cucumber?
What is Glue in Cucumber? Glue Option helps Cucumber to locate the step definition file. We specify the package to load glue code (step definitions or hooks) in the glue option. When no glue is provided, Cucumber will use the package of the annotated class.
What is the use of runner class in Cucumber?
As Cucumber uses Junit we need to have a Test Runner class. This class will use the Junit annotation @RunWith(), which tells JUnit what is the test runner class. It more like a starting point for Junit to start executing your tests. In the src folder create a class called TestRunner.
What is difference between hooks and tags in Cucumber?
What are cucumber tags and hooks? On the other hand, hooks in Cucumber is the code block which can have optional definition in step definition file (with each scenario) by using the annotation @Before and @After.
What are keywords in BDD?
Behavior-driven development (BDD) and keywords are both widely used techniques to facilitate automated testing. The approaches are similar in that tests can be written in a business-readable, domain-specific language.
Can background have examples in Cucumber?
Background in Cucumber is used to define a step or series of steps that are common to all the tests in the feature file. It allows you to add some context to the scenarios for a feature where it is defined. A Background is much like a scenario containing a number of steps.
What is hooks in Cucumber with example?
Hooks are blocks of code that run before or after each scenario in the Cucumber execution cycle. This allows us to manage the code workflow better and helps to reduce code redundancy. Hooks can be defined anywhere in the project or step definition layers using the methods @Before and @After.
What is an example scenario?
Examples of scenario in a Sentence
A possible scenario would be that we move to the city. The most likely scenario is that he goes back to school in the fall. The best-case scenario would be for us to finish the work by tomorrow. In the worst-case scenario, we would have to start the project all over again.
Can we have multiple examples in scenario outline?
Each scenario outline can have multiple tables with examples. The parameters in scenario outlines allow test runners to paste the examples from the table into the outline.
What is difference between scenario outline and data table?
Scenario Outline is run once for each row in the Examples section beneath it (not counting the first header row). Example tables always have a header row, because the compiler needs to match the header columns to the placeholders in the Scenario Outline’s steps.
What is example mapping in Cucumber?
Example Mapping uses a pack of 4-coloured index cards and some pens to capture these different types of information as the conversation unfolds. As we talk, we capture them on index cards, and arrange them in a map: We start by writing the story under discussion on a yellow card and placing it at the top of the table.
How do you tag a Cucumber example?
We can define each scenario with a useful tag. Later, in the runner file, we can decide which specific tag (and so as the scenario(s)) we want Cucumber to execute. Tag starts with “@”. After “@” you can have any relevant text to define your tag.
How do you pass multiple examples in Cucumber feature?
When we have multiple test data to pass in a single step of a feature file, one way is to pass multiple parameters and another way is to use Data Tables. Data Tables is a data structure provided by cucumber. It helps you to get data from feature files to Step Definitions.
What are the 3 types of scenarios?
3 Different Types of Scenarios You Can Design
- Building a Linear Scenario. A linear scenario is one where there’s a right and wrong answer.
- Building a Branching Scenario. Branching scenarios let learners work through complex ideas by exploring how their choices can lead to different outcomes.
- Building a Looping Scenario.
What is dry run in Cucumber?
Cucumber dry run is used for compilation of the Step Definition and Feature files and to verify the compilation errors. The value of dry run can be either true or false. The default value of dry run is false and it is a part of the Test Runner Class file.