A number of techniques exist for the production of GM plants. The two most commonly employed are the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is naturally able to transfer DNA to plants, and the ‘gene gun’, which shoots microscopic particles coated with DNA into the plant cell.
What bacteria is used in genetic modification of plants?
For GM plants, the bacterium most frequently used is called Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The gene of interest is transferred into the bacterium and the bacterial cells then transfer the new DNA to the genome of the plant cells. The plant cells that have successfully taken up the DNA are then grown to create a new plant.
Which of the following is commonly used bacteria in plant engineering?
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium, which is used to transfer a small segment of DNA into plant genome by the process known as transformation (Mishra et al., 2008).
What is one of the most common genetically modified crops?
Corn is the most commonly grown crop in the United States, and most of it is GMO. Most GMO corn is created to resist insect pests or tolerate herbicides.
Why are bacteria commonly used in genetic engineering?
Bacterial cells can be genetically modified so that they have the gene for producing human insulin. As these modified bacteria grow, they produce human insulin. This protein can be purified and supplied to diabetics. The process of genetically engineering bacterial cells is shown in the diagram below.
What is one use of genetically modified bacteria?
GM bacteria are used in the production of enzymes such as milk-clotting enzymes for cheese production and food/feed additives such as aspartame and l-lysine.
Which of the following is a commonly used bacteria in plant genetic engineering Mcq?
So, the correct answer is ‘Agrobacterium tumefaciens‘
What are the commonly used bacteria?
Lactic acid bacteria, such as Lactobacillus and Lactococcus together with yeast and molds, or fungi, are used to prepare foods such as as cheese, soy sauce, natto (fermented soy beans), vinegar, yogurt, and pickles. Not only is fermentation useful for preserving foods, but some of these foods may offer health benefits.
Why is Agrobacterium tumefaciens used in genetic engineering?
The use of Agrobacterium not only shortens the conventional plant breeding process, but also allows entirely new (non-plant) genes to be engineered into crops. The story of Agrobacterium goes even further than this, making it one of the most interesting and significant bacteria for detailed study.
What is genetically modified organisms examples?
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an animal, plant, or microbe whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. For thousands of years, humans have used breeding methods to modify organisms. Corn, cattle, and even dogs have been selectively bred over generations to have certain desired traits.
How are plants genetically modified?
Genetically modifying a plant
A number of techniques exist for the production of GM plants. The two most commonly employed are the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which is naturally able to transfer DNA to plants, and the ‘gene gun’, which shoots microscopic particles coated with DNA into the plant cell.
What is genetically modified organism or GMOs give examples?
A GMO, or genetically modified organism, is a plant, animal, microorganism or other organism whose genetic makeup has been modified in a laboratory using genetic engineering or transgenic technology.
Why is E. coli used in genetic engineering?
E. coli is a preferred host for gene cloning due to the high efficiency of introduction of DNA molecules into cells. E. coli is a preferred host for protein production due to its rapid growth and the ability to express proteins at very high levels.
What genetically modified bacteria is used to benefit humans?
In the 1980s, scientists discovered how to produce human insulin by transplanting the genetic information for the human insulin hormone from a human cell, into the DNA of the E. coli bacterium. This reprograms the bacteria to produce insulin, in just the same way as they make their own proteins.
How is genetically modified bacteria made?
A small piece of circular DNA called a plasmid? is extracted from the bacteria or yeast cell. A small section is then cut out of the circular plasmid by restriction enzymes, ‘molecular scissors’. The gene for human insulin is inserted into the gap in the plasmid. This plasmid is now genetically modified.
What is transgenic E. coli?
These Transgenic E. coli Vectors (TGV) allow drug-free, single-copy expression of genes from the E. coli chromosome, and are useful for genetic studies of gene function.
What microbial organisms is used in the creation of genetically modified organisms?
Bacterial host strains that are commonly used are Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. For E. coli, many molecular toolboxes are available, facilitating the construction of expression systems suitable for high-yield enzyme production.
Why bacteria are useful in biotechnology and genetic engineering?
Bacteriaare useful to genetic engineering as they reproduce very rapidlybut still have the ability to produce complex molecules. Bacteria contain plasmids, which are circular rings of DNA, into which new genes can be inserted, removed or changed.
Which of the following is genetically modified crops Mcq?
MCQ On GM Crops
| Post | MCQ on GM Crops |
|---|---|
| Type | Quiz, Multiple Choice Objective Questions |
| Topics | Genetically modified cotton, rice, maize, soybean, tomato and others |
| Number of questions | 22 |
Which is genetically modified crops Mcq?
Biotechnology MCQ Question 7 Detailed Solution
A transgenic crop is a crop whose genes have been altered by manipulation. This crop is known as genetically modified crops (GM crops).
Which bacteria is used in the production of insulin by genetic engineering Mcq?
Reason: Gene for production of human insulin can be transferred to Escherichia coli by recombinant DNA technique.