Tomatoes were domesticated in America; however, the original site of domestication and the early events of domestication are largely obscure (Peralta and Spooner, 2007). Two hypotheses have been advanced for the original place of tomato domestication, one Peruvian and the other Mexican.
Who cultivated tomatoes?
Tomatoes are native to South America, in fact, several species are still found growing wild in the Andes. Brought to Mexico, tomatoes were domesticated and cultivated there by 500 BC. It is thought that the first cultivated tomato was small and yellow.
When was the first tomato domesticated?
7,000 years ago
“Genomic data have revealed the convoluted path of tomato domestication, which started 80,000 years ago in Ecuador and Peru — to be finished only 7,000 years ago in Mexico,” says Gerald Schoenknecht, a program director in NSF’s Division of Integrative Organismal Systems.
Where did tomatoes originate?
From its origins as a wild plant in the Americas to the thousands of varieties grown around the world today, tomatoes have evolved into one of the world’s most popular food crops. Today’s tomatoes began as wild plants in the Andes, growing in parts of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
Was tomato domesticated in the Americas?
The species originated in western South America, Mexico, and Central America. The Mexican Nahuatl word tomatl gave rise to the Spanish word tomate, from which the English word tomato derived. Its domestication and use as a cultivated food may have originated with the indigenous peoples of Mexico.
Who brought tomatoes to Europe?
Spanish conquistadors
In the early 16th century, Spanish conquistadors returning from expeditions in Mexico and other parts of Mesoamerica were thought to have first introduced the seeds to southern Europe. Some researchers credit Cortez with bringing the seeds to Europe in 1519 for ornamental purposes.
Who was the first person to grow tomatoes?
The Mayans and other Mesoamerican people domesticated the tomato plant and first used it in cooking. A mutation was likely responsible for converting the small two-chambered wild types into the larger, lumpy, multi-chambered fruit that represents the vast majority of today’s tomatoes.
How was tomato domesticated?
First, native people in South America cultivated blueberry-sized wild tomatoes about 7,000 years ago to breed a plant with a cherry-sized fruit. Later, people in Mesoamerica bred this intermediate group further to form the large cultivated tomatoes that we eat today.
Who brought tomatoes to Italy?
the Spanish
The political tomato
Brought to Europe by the Spanish when they colonized the Americas — it’s an Aztec plant, as we can tell by its original name, “tomatl” — by the mid-1500s, it had made its way to Italy.
Who first domesticated corn?
The earliest physical evidence for domesticated maize, what some cultures call corn, dates to at least 8,700 calendar years ago, and it was probably domesticated by indigenous peoples in the lowland areas of southwestern Mexico, not the highland areas.
Did tomatoes originate in Italy?
The tomato came from the Americas, and it was only introduced to Italy in the 15th or 16th century.
Why did Europeans think tomatoes were poisonous?
The mistaken idea that tomatoes were poisonous probably arose because the plant belongs to the Nightshade family, of which some species are truly poisonous. The strong, unpleasant odor of the leaves and stems also contributed to the idea that the fruits were unfit for food.
What was Italian food before tomatoes?
Pasta alla gricia is an ancient way of preparing pasta, before tomatoes took over Italian cuisine. Born in the Apennine region north of Rome, it was created by the local shepherds, who didn’t have much to feed themselves with: only sheep’s cheese and pork cheeks.
Are tomatoes indigenous to Europe?
The tomato is native to western South America and Central America. In 1519, Cortez discovered tomatoes growing in Montezuma’s gardens and brought seeds back to Europe where they were planted as ornamental curiosities, but not eaten.
Did Native Americans grow tomatoes?
Tomatoes were a staple of the Aztec diet, as well as the paper-skinned husk tomatoes known in Spanish as tomatillos (Physalis peruviana). In Nahuatl, the Aztec language, tomatoes are called tomatl, which the Spanish translated as tomate.
How did tomatoes get to Africa?
European and Britain colonization spread the tomato throughout their empires; Northern and Southern Africa, Middle East, India, Philippines, Southern China and beyond. Each region began growing and adapting the plants into new breeds, hearty for their individual climates, and expanding through trade routes.
Why do Italians like tomatoes?
The fruit became popular in part because of its ability to flavor food, no small matter at a time when spices were expensive and hard to find. By the 18th century, Italians had begun experimenting with tomato conservation methods.
Who introduced tomatoes to Spain?
In the early 16th Century, the Spanish conquistador by the name of Hernán Cortés saw the tomato fruit growing in Montezuma. He was completely taken by this “Red Bloom” and eventually brought the seeds to Europe and Spain.
Where were tomatoes first discovered?
Peru
Cultivated tomatoes apparently originated as wild forms in the Peru-Ecuador-Bolivia area of the Andes. Moderate altitudes in that mountainous land abound today in a wide range of forms of tomato, both wild and cultivated.
Do Asians eat tomatoes?
Tomatoes are relatively newcomers in China, having arrived approximately 100 to 150 years ago. Still, they has found a niche in certain Chinese cuisines and are featured in several dishes.
Why are there no tomatoes in Chinese food?
Because tomatoes lack the significance in Chinese culture that they hold in Italian culture—as a symbol of nationalism—tomatoes are not used to the degree that they are in Italy. The cuisines of both nations also feature strong variation depending on the region.