Possible complications from a bone marrow transplant include:
- Graft-versus-host disease (a complication of allogeneic transplant only)
- Stem cell (graft) failure.
- Organ damage.
- Infections.
- Cataracts.
- Infertility.
- New cancers.
- Death.
What is the most common complication of bone marrow transplantation?
Bacterial infections are the most common. Viral, fungal and other infections can also occur. Some infections can develop later on, weeks to months after the transplant. Infections can cause extended hospital stay, prevent or delay engraftment, cause organ damage, and may be life threatening.
What are the complications for a bone marrow donor?
Common side effects of marrow donation include:
- Back or hip pain.
- Fatigue.
- Muscle pain.
- Headache.
- Bruising at the incision site.
What are the long term side effects of a bone marrow transplant?
The long-term physiologic effects after allo-BMT include nonmalignant organ or tissue dysfunction; changes in quality of life; infections related to delayed, or abnormal, immune reconstitution; and secondary cancers.
Is bone marrow transplant high risk?
Stem cell or bone marrow transplants are complex treatments that carry a significant risk of serious complications. It’s important that you’re aware of both the risks and possible benefits before treatment begins. You may wish to discuss them with your treatment team and your family.
What causes a bone marrow transplant to fail?
The cells you get during your transplant are called a graft. Graft failure happens when the new cells don’t make the new white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets you need. This is also called “failure to engraft” or “non-engraftment.” This is serious but uncommon.
What is the success rate of a bone marrow transplant?
The Canadian Cancer Society reports that 65–70% of people under 60 years old will go into complete remission after induction therapy, which is the first phase of treatment. People over the age of 60 years typically have a lower response rate, with approximately 25–40% surviving for 3 years or longer.
What is the patient at greatest risk of dying from during bone marrow transplant treatment?
Among allogeneic recipients, 9 (23%) are currently alive, and actuarial disease-free survival at 7 years is 11%. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia and septicemia were the most frequent causes of death.
How long does bone marrow transplant take?
The bone marrow or stem cells are given through a vein (intravenously), like a blood transfusion. No anesthesia is needed. The infusion can take from 15 minutes to several hours, depending on the stem cell source. But a stem cell transplant is actually a process that can take three to 18 months to complete.
Can a person live without bone marrow?
Bone marrow makes the components of your blood that you need to survive. Bone marrow produces red blood cells that carry oxygen, white blood cells that prevent infection and platelets that control bleeding. The absence of bone marrow can be fatal since it’s an essential part of your body.
How long is bone marrow transplant recovery?
It can take 6 to 12 months, or even longer, for blood counts to get close to normal and your immune system to work well. During this time, your team will still be closely watching you. Some problems might show up as much as a year or more after the stem cells were infused.
Can leukemia come back after bone marrow transplant?
Results: Leukemic relapse after allogeneic BMT is an important cause of treatment failure. The risk of leukemic relapse varies from 20% to 60% depending on the diagnosis and phase of disease.
How long are you hospitalized after bone marrow transplant?
How long will I be in the hospital for my bone marrow transplant? You will be in the hospital for about 3 weeks if you are having an autologous stem cell transplant, and about 4 weeks if you are having an allogeneic stem cell transplant.
What is the cut off age for a bone marrow transplant?
WMDA standards require donor registries to stipulate an upper age limit not to exceed 60 years.
How do you feel after a bone marrow transplant?
You might experience extreme fatigue, nausea or vomiting. Be patient — this should pass in a week or so. Remember that your body is busy trying to recover, and give it time to rest and heal. Pain: The high doses of chemotherapy used during conditioning may leave you with painful mouth sores and stomach irritation.
Who is a good candidate for bone marrow transplant?
At Mayo Clinic, doctors will consider selected patients over 65 years of age, depending on their overall physical health. People who need a bone marrow transplant may have any of several serious conditions, including: Acute lymphocytic leukemia. Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
Can bone marrow transplant be done twice?
Second transplants with a different cytoreductive regimen can eradicate disease resistant to prior myeloablative treatment; some patients may benefit from second transplants, even if the first transplant only achieves a short remission.
Is bone marrow transplant a major surgery?
A bone marrow transplant does not involve major surgery; rather, it’s performed similarly to a blood transfusion. In a bone marrow transplant, bone marrow cells are collected from a donor’s bloodstream through a needle inserted into a bone, typically a pelvic bone.
What is it called when your body rejects a bone marrow transplant?
GVHD may occur after a bone marrow, or stem cell, transplant in which someone receives bone marrow tissue or cells from a donor. This type of transplant is called allogeneic. The new, transplanted cells regard the recipient’s body as foreign. When this happens, the cells attack the recipient’s body.
What is the best hospital for bone marrow transplant?
Mayo Clinic is one of the largest providers of bone marrow transplants in the United States. Mayo Clinic’s bone marrow transplant teams in Arizona, Florida and Minnesota are leaders and innovators in a range of bone marrow transplant options: Cell therapy, with on-site stem cell processing laboratories.
Which is better stem cell or bone marrow transplant?
it’s easier to collect stem cells from the bloodstream than bone marrow. your treatment team can usually collect more cells from the bloodstream. blood counts tend to recover quicker following a stem cell transplant.